Chenchen Song's Home Page

Introduction

I am a theoretical linguist currently working as a “Hundred Talents Program” researcher at Zhejiang University (Hangzhou, China). Before taking up my current position (May 2020), I studied at the University of Cambridge (Gonville & Caius College), from where I received my PhD degree in Linguistics (Oct. 2019). Before Cambridge, I had studied at Beijing Foreign Studies University (majoring in Hungarian). I am curious about all aspects of human language and am particularly fascinated by its syntactic module. I mainly work within the theoretical framework of Noam Chomsky’s transformational generative grammar but am open-minded about other frameworks too. I enjoy learning new perspectives and am always happy to observe how different theories converge. I also actively explore interdisciplinary directions in my research and endeavor to seek common ground across paradigms.

Research

My main research area is syntax (and its interfaces with morphology/semantics). I do both synchronic and diachronic research and am particularly interested in understudied Chinese varieties, many of which are also endangered. I have worked on the following Chinese varieties either directly or indirectly (e.g., via supervising student projects):

Mandarin: Standard Mandarin, Dongying Mandarin, Sichuan/Chongqing Mandarin
Wu: Wenzhou Wu, Xinchang Wu
Jin: Gaoping Jin
Gan: Lianhua Gan
Hakka: Heyuan Hakka

Beyond Chinese, I am interested in detailed crosslinguistic comparison in general. Languages I have previously worked on include English, German, Hungarian, Japanese, etc. Below are some specific phenomena I have investigated:

Complex/compound words
Aspects and event structure
Semifunctional/semilexical vocabulary items
Sentence-final particles

Aside from empirical studies, my research also involves a highly conceptual and metatheoretical aspect. Below are some of the more abstract issues I have worked on:

Foundations of syntactic categories
Theory of linguistic features
Category theory and its application in linguistics

Overall, my academic enthusiasm lies in formally rigorous and logically consistent analysis of human language. Outside of my main research domains, I also like thinking about the following language-related topics:

Internet language (e.g., emojis, neologisms)
Writing systems (especially Chinese characters)
Linguistically aided language learning

Projects

In progress

Categorical linguistics (linguistics + mathematics), since 2019
Applying category theory to theoretical linguistics, with a focus on the big picture and general directions [a glimpse]
Resultative compounds in Chinese dialects, since 2017
Examining the internal syntax of resultative verb compounds across Chinese varieties [latest talk]
Typology of semilexicality, since 2021
Surveying different types of semilexical elements across a wide range of languages and attempting to provide a unified account within the framework of root syntax [preliminary results]

Degree works

PhD dissertation (defended with no corrections)
University of Cambridge, 2019
On the formal flexibility of syntactic categories [abstract, archived version]
PhD first-year report
University of Cambridge, 2016
A minimalist study of complex verb formation: Crosslinguistic patterns and variation [full text]
MPhil dissertation (High Distinction)
University of Cambridge, 2015
Structural variation in Chinese compound verbs: A comparative study of Standard Mandarin and Dongying Dialect [full text]
BA dissertation (Outstanding)
Beijing Foreign Studies University, 2013
A magyar és a német igekötők összehasonlítása szintaktikai és szemantikai szempontból [A comparison of Hungarian and German verbal prefixes from syntactic and semantic perspectives] [full text in Hungarian]

Conference

2024 (with Shangze Li). Multifunctionality across categories: The case of Gaoping Jin ge. Talk at the Multifunctionality in Morphology Workshop, part of the 17th Conference on Syntax, Phonology and Language Analysis (SinFonIJA 17). Nova Gorica, Sep. 26–28. [slides] New
2024 (with Adam Cheng and Shangze Li). Two levels of degree reinforcement: The case of A-ge-BB adjectives in Gaoping Jin. Talk at the 26th Seoul International Conference on Generative Grammar (SICOGG26). Jeonju, Aug. 22–24. [slides] New
2024. Form Sequence and the Strong Minimalist Thesis: Toward a middle-ground conception. Talk at the 2024 SMOG International Conference on Syntax and Semantics (ICSS). Andong, Aug. 19–21. [slides] New
2024. Two levels of lexical ambiguity and a unified categorical approach. Talk at the 11th International Conference on Meaning and Knowledge Representation. Almería, Jul. 3–5. [slides] New
2023 (with Chenghao Hu). Result marker vs. result highlighter: on the internal syntax of Chinese resultative compounds. Talk at the “Resultatives: new approaches and renewed perspectives” workshop. Singapore, Mar. 20–22. [slides]
2022. Weakening cartography: on the formal foundation of functional hierarchies. Poster at the 24th Seoul International Conference on Generative Grammar (SICOGG24). Online, Aug. 12–14. [e-poster, paper (preprint), paper (official)]
2022. A formal linguistic approach to affective emojis in CMC. Talk at the Seoul International Conference on Linguistics (SICOL2022). Online, Aug. 11–12. [slides]
2022. Category theory in theoretical linguistics: A monadic semantics for root syntax. Poster at the 5th International Conference on Applied Category Theory (ACT2022). Online, Jul. 18–22. [e-poster, abstract]
2022. The logic of words: A monadic decomposition of lexical meaning. Talk at the Australasian Association for Logic Annual Conference (AAL2022). Online, Jun. 22–24. [slides]
2022. Sentence-final particle vs. sentence-final emoji: The syntax-pragmatics interface in the era of CMC. Talk at Grapholinguistics in the 21st Century (grafematik2022). Online, Jun. 8–10. [video, slides, extended version]
2021. On the semantics of root syntax: Challenges and directions. Talk at the 18th Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics workshop (LENLS18). Online, Nov. 13–15. [video, slides, paper]
2021. A typology of semilexicality and the locus of grammatical variation. Talk at the 9th International Conference on Formal Linguistics (ICFL9). Online, Nov. 5–7. [video, slides]
2021 (with Ke Javena Wu). Ways of telicization in resultative compounds. Talk at the 23rd Seoul International Conference on Generative Grammar (SICOGG23). Online, Aug. 13–15. [video, paper, extended paper]
2021 (with Li Nguyen). Noncanonical pronominal items in Vietnamese and Chinese: Imposters or true pronouns? Talk at the 30th Southeast Asian Linguistics Society (SEALS30) Conference. Online, Jun. 1. [video, paper]
2020. Grammatical types that cannot be: A category-theoretic theorem for Chomsky-school generative syntax. Poster at the Applied Category Theory (ACT) conference. Online, Jul. 6–10. [e-poster, extended abstract]
2017. Revisiting non-inverting particle verbs in Hungarian. Talk at International Conference on the Structure of Hungarian (ICSH) 13. Budapest, Jun. 29–30. [slides]
2017. There is no root-root merger: Revisiting Chinese non-endocentric compounds. Talk at Roots V Workshop. London, Jun. 17–18. [slides, manuscript]
2017. Revisiting Chinese P: Is it a necessary category? Speed talk at Morphosyntactic Variation in Adpositions Workshop. Cambridge, May 8–9. [slides]
2017. Emergent [V] flavors and minimized flexibility of lexical categories. Talk at Cambridge Comparative Syntax (CamCoS) 6. Cambridge, May 4–6. [slides]
2016. Blocked particle verb movement in German and Hungarian: A unified analysis. Talk at Linguistics Association of Great Britain (LAGB) Annual Meeting. York, Sep. 6–9. [slides]
2016. Revisiting Chinese potential constructions: Cross-dialectal variation. Talk at 11th Newcastle Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics. Newcastle, Mar. 18. [slides]

Departmental

2022. Sentence-final particle vs. sentence-final emoji: The syntax-pragmatics interface in the era of CMC (extended version of the grafematik talk). Cambridge SyntaxLab, Jun. 28. [slides]
2021. On Hilbert’s epsilon operator, pair merge, and the source of asymmetry in adjunction. Zhejiang University, Jun. 11. [slides, paper 1]
2020. Complex verb mobility in Germanic languages: Variation and parameterization. Zhejiang University, Jun. 19. [slides]
2019. Adjunction in minimalism: Ideas and ideals. Zhejiang University, Nov. 11. [slides]
2019. Towards a nontrivial notion of granularity in generative syntax. Zhejiang University, Nov. 11. [slides]
2019. Granularity in generative syntax and why it matters. Cambridge SyntaxLab, Oct. 15. [slides]
2019. More than abstract nonsense: A Category-theoretic sketch of the syntactic category system. Cambridge SyntaxLab, Jan. 29. [slides]
2018. Root-supported categories and their morphosyntactic characteristics. Cambridge SyntaxLab, May 1. [handout for Part I][slides for Part II]
2017. The flexibility of categorial features: Types and consequences. Cambridge SyntaxLab, Feb. 7. [slides]

General audience

2023. Response to Notes and queries “What languages do native speakers of Mandarin and Arabic find the hardest to learn?” The Guardian. Jul. 9.
2017. From bedtime to spacetime : The hidden language behind compound words. Talk at the Gonville & Caius Graduate Research Symposium. Oct. 22.
2017. Universal Grammar and where to find it. Gonville & Caius MCR/SCR talk. May 30.
2016. Event and its aspects: How do different languages talk about events with their verbs? Talk at the Cambridge Festival of Ideas (Linguistics Day). Oct. 22.

Miscellany

blog | multimedia | hobbies

Blog

I run my own blog named I-Yuwen and like posting articles about language and linguistics (especially in relation to Chinese) on it when I have time. I sometimes post stuff about mathematics too, mainly about category theory. Below is a selection of my posts:

Sep. 2021. Classical Chinese and programming
Jan. 2021. Some 1000-year-old doodles... and some thoughts on Classical Chinese teaching in the 21st century
Dec. 2020. What did Chinese textbooks look like in the 19th century?
Nov. 2020. Carving civilization into stone…and the “Chinese Rosetta Stone”
Sep 2020. Dobby’s pronominal system
Apr. 2020. Generative grammar for I Ching divination
Apr 2020. Where is language from?
Feb. 2020. Bilingualism helps prevent dementia? And a remark on “scholarly longevity”
Oct. 2019. Why are apples so beloved (linguistically)?
Aug.–Sep. 2019. Category theory notes series
Sep. 2019. Language in a Qing-Dynasty polyglot’s eyes
Aug. 2019. Fictional languages and the linguistic view in Three-Body

Multimedia

I have a YouTube channel and occasionally upload original videos to it about my professional or personal studies.

Most watched:

Active series:

Classical Chinese Grammar (a self-study tutorial) [playlist]
🎬 Latest episode ⬇️

[PDF notes: Lesson 1, Lesson 2, Lesson 3]
[Answer key to exercises: L1–2]
Chinese Characters (supplementary to the Classical Chinese Grammar series) [playlist]

In the past, I have contributed to the creation of a short film on the multimodal nature of human language:

2016 (with Craig Pearson and Toby Smith). Talk with Your Hands: Communicating across the Sensory Spectrum. Short film made for the Cambridge Festival of Ideas.

Hobbies

When I’m not doing linguistics, I like watching movies or TV series, listening to podcasts, drinking tea or coffee, and occasionally traveling away (which has been very occasional in the last three years due to COVID-19). Sometimes I also like taking random photos of interesting things I see. In the future, I would like to try some new pastimes like iPad painting.

What job would I be doing if I were not a linguistician? :-)

a photo of fish swimming in a river — A photo of some fish (Feb. 2021, Hangzhou)